Major causes of insecure attachments include:
- physical neglect — poor nutrition, insufficient exercise, and neglect of medical issues
- emotional neglect or emotional abuse — little attention paid to child, little or no effort to understand child’s feelings; verbal abuse
- physical or sexual abuse — physical injury or violation
- separation from primary caregiver — due to illness, death, divorce, adoption
- inconsistency in primary caregiver — succession of nannies or staff at daycare centers
- frequent moves or placements — constantly changing environment; for example: children who spend their early years in orphanages or who move from foster home to foster home
- traumatic experiences — serious illnesses or accidents
- maternal depression — withdrawal from maternal role due to isolation, lack of social support, hormonal problems
- maternal addiction to alcohol or other drugs — maternal responsiveness reduced by mind-altering substances
- young or inexperienced mother — lacks parenting skills
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